ABC - Audit Bureau of Circulation - independent body which provides circulation figures of newspapers and magazines for advertisers
ABCE - Audit Bureau of Circulation Electronic - for electronic versions of above
Active audience - An audience who interact with the media product
Conglomorate - Large industrial corporation, usually involved in several different industries
Consumers - Term for media audiences which emphasises the commercial aspects of distribution and exhibition, thus production and CONSUMPTION of media texts
Convergence - Describes the comming together of previously seperate industries (computing, printing, film, audio etc which increasingly use the same or related technology and skilled workers.
Technological convergence - Describes the coming together of previously seperate technologies (computing, printing, video, film, telecomms etc)
Deregulation - The removal of government restrictions on media industries
Digital - Based on numerical information, distinguished from analogue
Distribution - How the product gets to the audience. Traditional vs digital. Distribution of online papers is via the Internet but it also available on different platforms i.e. mobile phone, text alerts, email. This is MULTI-PLATFORM distribution.
Globalisation - A process in which activities are organised on a global scale
Ideology - Shared ideas and values and how these ideas are related to the distribution of power in society. Media have a role in reinforcing or challenging the dominant ideology.
Institution - Used in media studies to refer to the social, cultural and political structures within which media production and consumption are constrained
Internet - The global 'network of networks' offering a range of services governed by different protocols, such as the World Wide Web, email etc
Liberalisation - the loosening of controls over media markets by governments
Market - The total of all the potential sellers and buyers for a particular product (and the number of products likely to be exchanged)
Marketing - The process of presenting a product to its target audience, the ways in which its positioned in its particular market
Mode of address - The way a text speaks to its audience
Moral panics - A sudden increase in concern about the possible 'effects' of media products
Multi-media - Referring to several traditionally seperate media being used together, e.g. sound, image and text on computers
Multi-platform - This can be interpreted as Multi-platform in terms of the convergence of different platforms i.e video, radio and telecomms and/or in terms of being distributed via different platforms i.e. Internet, mobile phone apps (API), podcasts, email, RSS feeds etc. Please try and distinguish which you are being asked to write about, if you can't then introduce explaining the there are two ways of understanding the term.
News agencies - Organisations which gather news stories and sell them to broadcasters and newspaper publishers
Niche Marketing - The idea that there are very small, but highly profitable markets which could support specialist advertising-led media products
NRS - National Readership Survey is teh organisation supplying information on UK readership of national papers and magazines
OFCOM - Regulator for the UK broadcasting and telecommunications industries
Passive Audience - An audience who do not/cannot interact with the media product
Production Practices - How is the product produced? Discuss new Guardian offices for example and the technology they have invested in to produce the multi-media, multi-platform guardian.co.uk
Public Relations (PR) Professional services promoting products by arranging opportunities for exposure in the media
Quality Press - The 'serious' newspapers - in the UK synonymous with broadsheet. Audience have a strong interest in politics and current affairs
Segment - To divide up a target audience into even more specialised groups which can be addressed by advertisers
Synergy - The combined marketing of products across different media and other products (in music, toys, Internet, and TV programmes, T-shirts, Theme Park rides and so on) which are often owned by the same corporation, such that the total effect is greater than the sum of the different parts
Technophobes - People who are afraid of new technology
Virtual - Something which is a representation rather than the real thing. 'Virtual Reality'
World Wide Web (WWW) The network of 'pages' of images, texts and sounds on the Internet which can be viewed using browswer software.
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